Install Miniconda on Linux
I loved virtualenv and then I found Miniconda. With Miniconda you can create a Python environment with a specific Python version and/or specific library versions.
Miniconda is a light version of Anaconda, a Python distribution from continuum. You can install Miniconda with an installer or use the command line.
Install Miniconda on Linux
Long story short:
- Create the conda directory in your home folder:
mkdir ~/.conda - Use the script to install Miniconda.
- Reopen the terminal and check conda was installed
conda --version
See complete details below.
Conda Cheat Sheet
- Conda version:
conda --version - List of conda environments:
conda info --envsorconda env list - Activate a conda:
conda activate name_of_env - Switch to default env:
conda activate - Create env with a yml file:
conda env create --file environment.yml
Installing Miniconda Step by Step
I tested this installing Miniconda on Ubuntu and Fedora.
If you already tried installing Miniconda and found issues, see troubleshooting at the end.
To avoid issues before installing Miniconda. Create the .conda directory in your home folder:
$ mkdir ~/.conda
Then use the script to install Miniconda. Find your install file from Conda docs
Minconda for Linux
$ wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
$ bash Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
Click to see Output
Welcome to Miniconda3 4.7.10
In order to continue the installation process, please review the license agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
===================================
Miniconda End User License Agreement
...
Cryptography Notice
This distribution includes cryptographic software. The country in which you currently reside may have restrictions on the import, possession, use, and/or re-export to anothe
r country, of encryption software. BEFORE using any encryption software, please check your country's laws, regulations and policies concerning the import, possession, or use
, and re-export of encryption software, to see if this is permitted. See the Wassenaar Arrangement http://www.wassenaar.org/ for more information.
Anaconda, Inc. has self-classified this software as Export Commodity Control Number (ECCN) 5D992b, which includes mass market information security software using or performi
ng cryptographic functions with asymmetric algorithms. No license is required for export of this software to non-embargoed countries. In addition, the Intel(TM) Math Kernel
Library contained in Anaconda, Inc.'s software is classified by Intel(TM) as ECCN 5D992b with no license required for export to non-embargoed countries.
The following packages are included in this distribution that relate to cryptography:
`openssl`
The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust, commercial-grade, full-featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the Transport Layer Security (TL
S) and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocols as well as a full-strength general purpose cryptography library.
`pycrypto`
A collection of both secure hash functions (such as SHA256 and RIPEMD160), and various encryption algorithms (AES, DES, RSA, ElGamal, etc.).
`pyopenssl`
A thin Python wrapper around (a subset of) the OpenSSL library.
`kerberos` (krb5, non-Windows platforms)
A network authentication protocol designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography.
`cryptography`
A Python library which exposes cryptographic recipes and primitives.
Accept the license terms.
Do you accept the license terms?
[no] >>> yes
Review the default installation location.
Miniconda3 will now be installed into a default location.
Press `Enter` or change to your custom location:
/home/tom/miniconda3
- Press ENTER to confirm the location
- Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
- Or specify a different location below
Press ENTER if you want the default location.
[/home/tom/miniconda3] >>>
Click to see Output
PREFIX=/home/tom/miniconda3
Unpacking payload ...
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
environment location: /home/tom/miniconda3
added / updated specs:
- _libgcc_mutex==0.1=main
- asn1crypto==0.24.0=py37_0
- bzip2==1.0.8=h7b6447c_0
- ca-certificates==2019.5.15=0
- certifi==2019.6.16=py37_0
- cffi==1.12.3=py37h2e261b9_0
- chardet==3.0.4=py37_1
- conda-package-handling==1.3.11=py37_0
- conda==4.7.10=py37_0
- cryptography==2.7=py37h1ba5d50_0
- idna==2.8=py37_0
- idna==2.8=py37_0
- libarchive==3.3.3=h5d8350f_5
- libedit==3.1.20181209=hc058e9b_0
- libffi==3.2.1=hd88cf55_4
- libgcc-ng==9.1.0=hdf63c60_0
- libstdcxx-ng==9.1.0=hdf63c60_0
- libxml2==2.9.9=hea5a465_1
- lz4-c==1.8.1.2=h14c3975_0
- lzo==2.10=h49e0be7_2
- ncurses==6.1=he6710b0_1
- openssl==1.1.1c=h7b6447c_1
- pip==19.1.1=py37_0
- pycosat==0.6.3=py37h14c3975_0
- pycparser==2.19=py37_0
- pyopenssl==19.0.0=py37_0
- pysocks==1.7.0=py37_0
- python-libarchive-c==2.8=py37_11
- python==3.7.3=h0371630_0
- readline==7.0=h7b6447c_5
- requests==2.22.0=py37_0
- ruamel_yaml==0.15.46=py37h14c3975_0
- setuptools==41.0.1=py37_0
- six==1.12.0=py37_0
- sqlite==3.29.0=h7b6447c_0
- tk==8.6.8=hbc83047_0
- tqdm==4.32.1=py_0
- urllib3==1.24.2=py37_0
- wheel==0.33.4=py37_0
- xz==5.2.4=h14c3975_4
- yaml==0.1.7=had09818_2
- zlib==1.2.11=h7b6447c_3
- zstd==1.3.7=h0b5b093_0
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
_libgcc_mutex pkgs/main/linux-64::_libgcc_mutex-0.1-main
asn1crypto pkgs/main/linux-64::asn1crypto-0.24.0-py37_0
bzip2 pkgs/main/linux-64::bzip2-1.0.8-h7b6447c_0
ca-certificates pkgs/main/linux-64::ca-certificates-2019.5.15-0
certifi pkgs/main/linux-64::certifi-2019.6.16-py37_0
cffi pkgs/main/linux-64::cffi-1.12.3-py37h2e261b9_0
chardet pkgs/main/linux-64::chardet-3.0.4-py37_1
conda pkgs/main/linux-64::conda-4.7.10-py37_0
conda-package-han~ pkgs/main/linux-64::conda-package-handling-1.3.11-py37_0
cryptography pkgs/main/linux-64::cryptography-2.7-py37h1ba5d50_0
idna pkgs/main/linux-64::idna-2.8-py37_0
libarchive pkgs/main/linux-64::libarchive-3.3.3-h5d8350f_5
libedit pkgs/main/linux-64::libedit-3.1.20181209-hc058e9b_0
libffi pkgs/main/linux-64::libffi-3.2.1-hd88cf55_4
libgcc-ng pkgs/main/linux-64::libgcc-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
libstdcxx-ng pkgs/main/linux-64::libstdcxx-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
libxml2 pkgs/main/linux-64::libxml2-2.9.9-hea5a465_1
lz4-c pkgs/main/linux-64::lz4-c-1.8.1.2-h14c3975_0
lzo pkgs/main/linux-64::lzo-2.10-h49e0be7_2
ncurses pkgs/main/linux-64::ncurses-6.1-he6710b0_1
openssl pkgs/main/linux-64::openssl-1.1.1c-h7b6447c_1
pip pkgs/main/linux-64::pip-19.1.1-py37_0
pycosat pkgs/main/linux-64::pycosat-0.6.3-py37h14c3975_0
pycparser pkgs/main/linux-64::pycparser-2.19-py37_0
pyopenssl pkgs/main/linux-64::pyopenssl-19.0.0-py37_0
pysocks pkgs/main/linux-64::pysocks-1.7.0-py37_0
python pkgs/main/linux-64::python-3.7.3-h0371630_0
python-libarchive~ pkgs/main/linux-64::python-libarchive-c-2.8-py37_11
readline pkgs/main/linux-64::readline-7.0-h7b6447c_5
requests pkgs/main/linux-64::requests-2.22.0-py37_0
ruamel_yaml pkgs/main/linux-64::ruamel_yaml-0.15.46-py37h14c3975_0
setuptools pkgs/main/linux-64::setuptools-41.0.1-py37_0
six pkgs/main/linux-64::six-1.12.0-py37_0
sqlite pkgs/main/linux-64::sqlite-3.29.0-h7b6447c_0
tk pkgs/main/linux-64::tk-8.6.8-hbc83047_0
tqdm pkgs/main/noarch::tqdm-4.32.1-py_0
urllib3 pkgs/main/linux-64::urllib3-1.24.2-py37_0
wheel pkgs/main/linux-64::wheel-0.33.4-py37_0
xz pkgs/main/linux-64::xz-5.2.4-h14c3975_4
yaml pkgs/main/linux-64::yaml-0.1.7-had09818_2
zlib pkgs/main/linux-64::zlib-1.2.11-h7b6447c_3
zstd pkgs/main/linux-64::zstd-1.3.7-h0b5b093_0
Preparing transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
installation finished.
Answer the question “initialize Miniconda3 by running conda init?”
Do you wish the installer to initialize Miniconda3 by running conda init?
[no] >>> yes
Click to see Output
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/condabin/conda
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/bin/conda
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/bin/conda-env
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/bin/activate
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/bin/deactivate
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/etc/fish/conf.d/conda.fish
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/shell/condabin/Conda.psm1
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/shell/condabin/conda-hook.ps1
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/xontrib/conda.xsh
no change /home/tom/miniconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.csh
modified /home/tom/.bashrc
Final Output:
==> For changes to take effect, close and re-open your current shell. <==
If you'd prefer that conda's base environment not be activated on startup, set the `auto_activate_base` parameter to false:
conda config --set auto_activate_base false
Thank you for installing Miniconda3!
Reopen Terminal
Then try:
$ conda --version
conda 4.7.10
After reopening the Terminal, the prompt changes to this:
(base) $
This shows that your current conda environment is base. If you don’t wish to see this in your Terminal. For instance, if you write in other languages. You can disable this:
conda config --set auto_activate_base false
Update conda
Use this:
$ conda update conda
Output:
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
environment location: /home/tom/miniconda3
added / updated specs:
- conda
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
ca-certificates-2019.5.15 | 1 134 KB
certifi-2019.6.16 | py37_1 156 KB
chardet-3.0.4 | py37_1003 173 KB
conda-4.7.11 | py37_0 3.0 MB
pip-19.2.2 | py37_0 1.9 MB
python-libarchive-c-2.8 | py37_13 23 KB
------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 5.4 MB
The following packages will be UPDATED:
ca-certificates 2019.5.15-0 --> 2019.5.15-1
certifi 2019.6.16-py37_0 --> 2019.6.16-py37_1
chardet 3.0.4-py37_1 --> 3.0.4-py37_1003
conda 4.7.10-py37_0 --> 4.7.11-py37_0
pip 19.1.1-py37_0 --> 19.2.2-py37_0
python-libarchive~ 2.8-py37_11 --> 2.8-py37_13
Create a conda environment
As seen on the official Conda docs.
You could try this:
$ conda create --name snowflakes pandas
It will show an output with these headers:
- The following packages will be downloaded
- The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED
Activate the conda environment:
$ conda activate snowflakes
Go back to base:
$ conda activate
Create a conda environment with a yml file
This is a yml file for a class I was taking:
name: ml4t
dependencies:
- python=3.6
- cycler=0.10.0
- kiwisolver=1.1.0
- matplotlib=3.0.3
- numpy=1.16.3
- pandas=0.24.2
- pyparsing=2.4.0
- python-dateutil=2.8.0
- pytz=2019.1
- scipy=1.2.1
- seaborn=0.9.0
- six=1.12.0
- joblib=0.13.2
- pytest=5.0
- future=0.17.1
- pip
- pip:
- pprofile==2.0.2
- jsons==0.8.8
Save the file as environment.yml.
Run like this:
$ conda env create --file environment.yml
Then activate:
$ conda activate ml4t
Check where python is located and the version to confirm that this is set correctly:
$ which python
$ python --version
To deactivate and go back to base:
$ conda activate
conda env list
Or use conda info --envs to list your conda environments.
conda help
Run this:
$ conda help
Output:
usage: conda [-h] [-V] command ...
conda is a tool for managing and deploying applications, environments and packages.
Click to see Output
Options:
positional arguments:
command
clean Remove unused packages and caches.
config Modify configuration values in .condarc. This is modeled
after the git config command. Writes to the user .condarc
file (/home/tom/.condarc) by default.
create Create a new conda environment from a list of specified
packages.
help Displays a list of available conda commands and their help
strings.
info Display information about current conda install.
init Initialize conda for shell interaction. [Experimental]
install Installs a list of packages into a specified conda
environment.
list List linked packages in a conda environment.
package Low-level conda package utility. (EXPERIMENTAL)
remove Remove a list of packages from a specified conda environment.
uninstall Alias for conda remove.
run Run an executable in a conda environment. [Experimental]
search Search for packages and display associated information. The
input is a MatchSpec, a query language for conda packages.
See examples below.
update Updates conda packages to the latest compatible version.
upgrade Alias for conda update.
optional arguments:
-h, --help Show this help message and exit.
-V, --version Show the conda version number and exit.
conda commands available from other packages:
env
Troubleshooting installation
Executing transaction:
WARNING conda.core.envs_manager:register_env(46): Unable to register environment.
Path not writable or missing.
environment location: /home/tom/miniconda3
registry file: /home/tom/.conda/environments.txt
As seen here
If you see this error try this:
- Remove your miniconda folder such as:
rm -rf miniconda3 - Remove what the install added to your
bashrc - Create the
.condadirectory. - Reinstall
Miniconda on Windows
Here are some resources to install Miniconda on Windows:
